Ethereum’s annual power use falls to 7.87 GWh after The Merge

Ethereum’s entire global network now consumes less energy in a year than a single mid-sized museum. That’s the kind of stat that makes you do a double-take, but the numbers from the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance back it up.

The network’s annual electricity consumption sits at approximately 7.87 GWh as of mid-2026, with associated carbon emissions of just 2.37 ktCO2e. For context, that’s less than half what the British Museum uses annually to keep its lights on and its ancient artifacts properly climate-controlled.

From country-sized to museum-sized

Before The Merge on September 15, 2022, Ethereum’s energy appetite was comparable to that of mid-sized countries. The network’s lifetime energy consumption from 2015 to 2022, its entire proof-of-work era, totaled about 58.26 TWh.

Then Ethereum switched from Proof-of-Work to Proof-of-Stake. In English: it stopped requiring thousands of specialized computers to race each other solving math puzzles and instead let token holders validate transactions by putting their ETH up as collateral.

The result was a reduction in energy use exceeding 99.98%.

Early projections after The Merge estimated annual consumption would land somewhere between 2.6 and 6.5 GWh. The actual figure of 7.87 GWh sits slightly above that initial range, which makes sense given the network’s validator set has grown steadily since the transition.

The CCAF data also reveals that the network’s continuous power draw amounts to roughly 0.90 MW.

The sustainability mix matters

According to CCAF’s latest assessment, 56.4% of Ethereum’s electricity mix comes from sustainable sources.

The 2.37 ktCO2e in annual emissions reflects this cleaner energy mix.

What this means for investors

The environmental narrative around crypto has been a persistent headache for institutional adoption. ESG-mandated funds, sovereign wealth managers, and corporate treasuries have repeatedly cited energy concerns as a barrier to crypto allocation. Bitcoin still faces this criticism regularly, with its proof-of-work consensus consuming energy on the scale of medium-sized nations.

Ethereum’s post-Merge energy profile effectively removes that objection from the conversation. A network using 7.87 GWh annually with majority-sustainable sourcing is, by any reasonable measure, not an environmental concern.

The CCAF data provides the kind of rigorous, third-party verification that compliance departments and institutional due diligence teams actually care about.

The steady growth in validators despite already-low energy consumption also signals something important about network health. Ethereum is attracting more participants to its consensus mechanism without proportionally scaling its energy footprint.

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