European Union offers €10B to build seven AI gigafactories in race against US and China

The European Union is putting €10 billion on the table to fund seven AI gigafactories. The plan represents a two-tier approach to AI infrastructure: four smaller facilities and three larger ones, spread across the bloc.

How the plan evolved

The roots of this initiative trace back to two overlapping programs. The first is the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking, which had already earmarked €10 billion for “AI Factories,” a term Brussels uses for high-performance computing centers optimized for AI workloads. Seven of these smaller-scale AI Factories were selected back in December 2024, each designed to deploy up to 25,000 H100-equivalent chips. Those facilities are anticipated to come online by 2026.

Then came the InvestAI plan, announced at the AI Action Summit in February 2025. That initiative aimed to mobilize €20 billion in public-private funding for up to five larger AI Gigafactories. By mid-2026, these two tracks merged into the current seven-facility structure. Subsidy allocations break down to roughly €100 million for the smaller hubs and €200 million for the larger ones, with the rest expected to come from private investment and member state contributions.

The gap Europe is trying to close

Europe has exactly one frontier AI lab that gets mentioned in serious conversations: Mistral, the French startup that has raised billions but still operates at a fraction of the scale of OpenAI or Anthropic.

Private sector interest has been uneven. A French consortium called AION reportedly submitted a bid valued at approximately $10 billion, which would have been a significant anchor for the program. But enthusiasm has reportedly waned amid delays in the bidding and construction timelines, which have now been pushed back into 2026 and beyond.

What this means for investors

No concrete €10 billion commitment has been confirmed specifically for these seven gigafactories as a single unified budget line. The funding is spread across multiple programs, budget cycles, and public-private structures that each come with their own approval processes and political dynamics.

The EU’s next major budget cycle kicks in around 2028, which will likely determine whether the gigafactory program gets the sustained funding it needs. Investors should watch for two signals: whether private co-investment materializes at the scale Brussels is hoping for, and whether any of the facilities secure anchor tenants with genuine frontier AI ambitions.

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